in the Profile section of your subscriber account page. 17 Apr. But, Mother, there was one way I thought of. All that amounts to is food for the wild beasts of hunger., I have no desire for others to take it on themselves to analyze my thoughts. 2023 . His suicide, then, reflects the dead end of the artist, or any individual, who cannot break with the past. Don't be silly. Kazuko remembers how at that time her efforts to pay for her brothers addiction had led to her divorce: One day she took money to Naojis friend Uehara, and he kissed her; she later fell in love with him, and her secret led her husband to doubt her faithfulness. "The Setting Sun - Bibliography" Great Characters in Literature The story is set inrural, pre-industrialized Zimbabwe, and Musoni thinking of theairplane as a white metal bird signifies the lack of modern education and exposurethat he has received. While she conceals much of her motivation and emotions with a narrative reticence, she is also forthright and honest in her portrayal of shame and suffering. His disdain for himself, the aristocracy, and the life he has been living are also written in the note. In order to establish an open, chronological plot structure, Hosseini constantly reminds the readers of the progression of time through the inclusion of the year and Mariams age. That Evening Sun by William Faulkner is a good example of a great emotional turmoil transferred directly to the readers through the words of a narrator who does not seem to grasp the severity of the turmoil. He feels light-hearted, knowing that only the physical ties tie him to his family, the psychological ones being broken. She is from an aristocratic family whose fortunes are dwindling, and she is well-educated in Western culture. As a student, his aristocratic background was a burden. As we see in The Tale of Genji, the aristocratic class held the political and social power prior to the war and The Setting Sun heavily focuses on the socioeconomic fall of aristocracy after it. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. That and nothing else. One sees as well that this dissipation of Kazuko roots from her belief that she and her lover are victims of a transitional period of morality. She yells at it, claiming to have already felt its vengeance, but it doesnt go away. She is a truly devoted and affectionate mother. So let me reword this. He considers his son a mere beardless kid with remnants of milk on his knows, who is completely inexperienced in the ways of the world, and too proud and overconfident to admit it. Naoji is taciturn and bitter, and he ridicules the new family home. publication in traditional print. Using traditional techniques, Hosseini constructs Mullah Faizullah, the religious tutor, as a wise mentor. Already a member? The comfortable bourgeoisie becomes the hardworking proletariat and the historical situation changes as the material circumstances changes. On the other hand, Khaled Hosseini employs an open plot structure in A Thousand Splendid Suns in order to comment on the effect of assiduity on the possibility of escaping an oppressive environment. the sun is setting phrase. The story is told through the eyes of Kazuko, the unmarried daughter of a widowed aristocrat. Please add japantimes.co.jp and piano.io to your list of allowed sites. To enjoy our content, please include The Japan Times on your ad-blocker's list of approved sites. The main theme of the play revolves directly around setting as the family pursues their dream of owning a home in a better neighborhood. Eventually she recovers, and the pair begin to accustom themselves to the simple rural life-style. Membership Advantages Media Reviews Click here and be the first to review this book! She worries more to her childrens condition than to hers which is more severe. My only ally is the tagged dissolute. Charms were for old men like his father, while a man like him had their own feet and guts for support. Life is hard, until you learn how to be smart and make the most of it. The novel ends with Kazukos last letter to Mr. Uehara. [4], The character of Kazuko was modeled after writer and poetess Shizuko Ota (19131982), a mistress of the then married Dazai. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. ", resolving the initials both as "My Chekhov" and "My Child". The speaker discusses the beauty of the sun in the first lines of Sonnet 32. Naoji, her brother, a frustrated writer. This is why in the novel she is symbolically called The Last Lady in Japan.. The tagged dissolute. However, as a responsible and sensible father,he knows better than to force his sonto comply with his wishes andrespects Nhamos sense of agency and right to choosehow he wants to live his life. I do not trust the world. She is someone who does whatever she wants to and fights whatever she wants to fight for. WebYou can change the suns positions for sunrise, selected time and sunset see. Moreover, chapter five, The Lady, tells a moment between Kazuko and a friend a winter 12 years ago. A creature from an obsolete society, she knows only how to comport herself; she understands nothing of finances or survival in the postwar world. In the person of Kazuko, the divorced daughter of a widowed aristocrat, the story is told. You have given me all, father. But in his mind, he is angry and patronized, furious at his father for having given him all and nothing, having educated him only to now ask him to waste his education in the fruitless pursuit of agriculture in a barren land. Japanese society was reshaped in the adversity of losing a war; the Japanese have emerged stronger. It is a story of an African American laundress who lives in the fear of her common-law husband Jesus who suspects her of carrying a white man's child in her womb and seems hell bent on killing her. He always desires to escape humiliations, problems, and shame. 18 Apr. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Career nihilist Osamu Dazai had already attempted suicide four times when he published his most famous novel in 1947. She is morally strong. In chapter two, Fire, Kazukos life in war as part of the military is flashed back. Despite knowing that the almost-dead land does not hold a bright future for Nhamo, he would still prefer having him under his roof leading a life that he and his ancestors are familiar with, rather than have him venture out in unknown directions to make his way in the world. That same morning Naoji commits suicide. Uehara profits from his abandonment of traditional values and his frank handling of dissolution. . Remember the Sunwell. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. no, having once written that word I can write nothing more., At this moment, as I stood on the verge of tears, the words "realism" and "romanticism" welled up within me. As their mothers health deteriorates, Naoji squanders the family finances on drinking trips to Tokyo, while Kazuko attempts to secure her own survival by foisting her affections on one of his friends, an alcoholic novelist. As an old father, Musoni represents the old, traditional order of the patriarch as a protector and benefactor who upholds traditional ways of life and protects his family from harm. Decent Essays. Do you realize that youve lived nearly half the time you have to live already? Jake weakly answers, Yes, every once in a while. The book focuses on the dissolution of the post-war generation and how they cannot find their place in life. Towards the beginning of the book Robert Cohn asks Jake, Dont you ever get the feeling that all your life is going by and youre not taking advantage of it? Furthermore, by introducing nine-year old Laila twenty-three years after the introduction of five-year old Mariam, Hosseini was able to illustrate Lailas plotline in relation to Mariams. She never shows despair in their condition being impoverished and never complains about it. Taking a close look at how he reacts to humiliating circumstances because of what the aristocrats have turned into resorting to drug addiction, to drinking alcohol and eventually to suicide shows one the weakness in his character, his being defeated. In a time of both misinformation and too much information, quality journalism is more crucial than ever.By subscribing, you can help us get the story right. In the novel A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini, Hosseini reveals the social issue of physical abuse and mental abuse by his use of imagery, diction, and dialogue. The closer a point in the center, the higher the sun above the horizon. He also tells Kazuko about a woman he was in love with, but had difficulty writing her name. Finally she decides to visit Uehara, but her mother becomes ill again, and her disease is diagnosed as incurable tuberculosis. Definitions by the largest Idiom Dictionary. He is a friend of Naoji and transmits money from Kazuko to her brother. Lastly, chapter seven makes use of (a) hyperbole when Naoji, in his note, says All men are alikean expression fated to overturn the whole world; (b) simile when he describes Sugas eyes by saying Her eyes are the true Japanese shape like an almond; and (c) personification when Kazuko, after reading his note, says Tears forced their way through my eyelids. But they bloom in all four seasons. The leaf that rots without falling from its branch signifies Kazukos own life. Her mothers condition worsens and she dies in the autumn twilight. The Setting Sun, Osamu Dazai, NEW DIRECTIONS The books narrator, Kazuko, is the 29-year-old daughter of a once-rich family whose fortunes have taken a When she falls ill, she abandons the fight to keep on living and dies docilely and quickly. WebSummary. Naojis journal in chapter three reveals the crux of his drug addiction and his hate of being an aristocrat. This novel follows the lives of Mariam and Laila, two Afghan women whose interactions arise from their forced marriage to Rasheed, and the abuse they face together. Before her departure, Mariam lived in a kolba, a small hut on the outskirts of Kabul, Afghanistan. Hosseini purposely includes the date along with Mariams increasing age throughout the chapters for the readers to become cognizant of the novels chronological format. Toward the Setting Sun chronicles one of the most significant but least explored periods in American history, recounting the little known story of the first white man to champion the voiceless Native American cause. An instance of a characters betrayal is Kazukos affair to Mr. Uehara who is already married. Her death implies the passing of a good, not decadent generation. Through the first sentence of A Thousand Splendid Suns, Hosseini establishes that Mariam was five years old the first time she heard the word harami (Hosseini 3). The thin yellow-colored curve shows the trajectory of the sun, the yellow deposit shows the variation of the path of the sun throughout the year. Mungoshis most important theme is that ones pursuit of happiness can give someone pain. The sun is a still a middle aged star and later in its life it will become a Red Giant. Twenty-nine year old Kazuko, her brother Naoji, and their widowed mother are members of an impoverished aristocratic family living in post-war Tokyo. She declares that she and her child, whom she calls bastard, will live in perpetual struggle with the old morality. Set during the early postwar years Japan this novella is centred on an aristocratic family fallen on hard times. It belonged to no particular age, people, or country, and was perhaps the more delightful on that account, as nobodys previous information could afford the remotest glimmering of what would ever come of it.Charles Dickens (18121870), I have simplified my politics into an utter detestation of all existing governments; and, as it is the shortest and most agreeable and summary feeling imaginable, the first moment of an universal republic would convert me into an advocate for single and uncontradicted despotism. He also learned that his father was the only soldier out of 54 men to survive. The mother and daughter attempt to reconcile themselves to the less elegant surroundings, but both are disappointed, and the mother becomes ill with a high fever. WebDescription. The Setting Sun is an allegory that the glory days of Japan have come to an end, specifically their ancient aristocracy. Author Information Biography WebThe Setting Sun by Osamu Dazai 19,233 ratings, 3.99 average rating, 1,835 reviews Open Preview The Setting Sun Quotes Showing 1-30 of 118 This I want to believe implicitly: And that this very fact might be what permits me to go on living sends cold chills through my whole body., In our lives we know joy, anger, sorrow, and a hundred other emotions, but these emotions altogether occupy a bare one per cent of our time. Already a member? Mariam tries to find emotional and physical shelter in her lifetime, but struggles to find it. It is now revealed thathis son has decided to leave home, and Musoni does not want to spend his last day with his son in anger. I do not trust the world., Now even if I die, no one will be so grieved as to do himself bodily harm. The world is out of joint., I like roses best. portrays how the new ideas of the contemporary society have destroyed the Empty. "A disparity between Western and Japanese culture mirrors the conflict between Japan and the United States" (the Setting Sun). Paltry, prudent hypocrites!, Humanity? WebAnalysis Of 'The Setting Sun And The Rolling World'. The beautiful die young.. Vonneguts Slaughterhouse-Five examines the life of Billy Pilgrim who goes through the bombing of Dresden and is kidnapped by an alien species, the Tralfamadorians, who have him apply a new philosophy. In North Korea, a household with more wardrobes meant the family was prosperous. She ends the letter addressing Uehara once again as M.C., this time resolving the initials as "My Comedian". The novelist Uehara represents one final alternative for the modern writer. The imagery of pulling on the feet of a man hanging by the neck is used to describe the act of people nowadays to insist on such virtues as respect or sincerity in chapter six, Outbreak of Hostilities. Osamu Dazais The Setting Sun takes the milieu of the post-war period in Japan when its society adjusted to the distress of defeat and to the occupation of the American forces and their allies which caused a massive social change as it tells the story of the decline of an aristocratic family. After her marriage ended in divorce, she returned home to live with her mother. Charles Mungoshi is a Zimbabwean writer and poet who has authored several novels, poems, and short stories in his native language, Shona, and English. "The Setting Sun - The Characters" Literary Essentials: World Fiction Log in here. Jun-sang lived a better quality life than most North Koreans. He is rebellious, but not enough to openly disrespect his father, although he has decided to go against his fathers wishes, and thinks of him as foolish, selfish, and jealous of his sons ambition. Word Count: 849. WebThe setting, but original and new, of A Raisin in the Sun contributed so much to the overall meaning of the play. Contribute to the preservation of this website. When I feigned indifference, they classed me as the indifferent type. Immediately below the header, Hosseini begins the chapter by stating, Nine-year-old Laila rose from bed, as she did most morning, hungry for the sight of her friend Tariq (Hosseini 107). She understands and admires her mothers gentility and is disappointed that she does not embody such aristocratic virtues. The harshness of her life makes Kazuko think of leaving and living with a man whom she had loved when she was marriedNaojis patron, the novelist Uehara. In chapters three, Moonflowers, four, Letters, and seven, The Testament, the reader observes that other flashback techniques are utilized than mere reminiscence of a character, these are, a journal, letters, and a testament. My Chekhov and My Child, showing that he was in fact the one she is referring to in the letters. Later in the novel, she becomes friends with Laila. Your email address will not be published. Throughout her crises, Kazuko never loses her essential compassion for her mother and brother. Kazuko now has to take care of her ill mother without the help of servants. The novel presents in diary fashion her reaction to events as they occur and her reflections on the familys past: The plot consists more of impressions and flashbacks than of connected events. Kazuko, the narrator, a twenty-nine-year-old woman living with her mother. The opinion of a woman did not matter, being obedient to her husband was all that is required. Required fields are marked *, Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker, The Setting Sun and the Rolling World Summary. Rigorous studies and career oriented path leaves no time for girls or dating (Demick, 19). Terry had to change to understand what his father went through. She meets Ueharas wife at his home and goes in search of him, eventually finding him at a disreputable bar. In The Sun Also Rises, during the transition of society from World War I to post-war, values transformed from the old-fashioned system of what was morally acceptable to a system that held the basic belief that anything of value, whether tangible or intangible, could be exchanged for something of equal value. Hard work. Open Document. The narrator is Kazuko, a young woman born to gentility but now impoverished. Her encounter with exile is almost unbearable, yet she endures and grows into a hardworking and respectable woman. 4 Pages. The misery, loneliness, crampedness they're heartbreaking.[] And with it, the last act of the High Elves. The vast differences between the charactersinternal monologues, and what they say to each other, reveal thegaps between interiority and exteriority. This is exactly what happened to him with the Fair Youth. She decides to be his mistress and wants to have a baby with him. Last Updated on May 5, 2015, by eNotes Editorial. Then, the clouds come into the image and obscure it. In his mind, he asks his son if he knows the ruins of old age and black despair. The story ends with a letter to Mr. Uehara. A classist viewpoint would have painted her as someone who could handle money well, implying that was why she had it and kept it, but Dazai makes it clear that the mothers grace and social standing were a result of the family she happened to be born into and not her personal merits or achievements. The snake, often associated with negative characteristics, denotes the corrupt sides of the characters, major or minor, in the novel, their dissipations, and their betrayals committed. [1][2][3] The story centers on an aristocratic family in decline and crisis during the early years after World War II. An intolerably immense undertaking before which one can only gasp in apprehension., Scoundrels [] simply don't die. Hi WebBook Summary. This view, however, leads to Nhamos independent character development, which ultimately results in his decision to leave the house to pursue his dreams. The Setting Sun first appeared in serialised form in Shinch magazine between July and October 1947, before being published as a book the same year. To some extent each represents an aspect of the novelists personality. Lyons, Phyllis I. He also goes out every night drinking. The last date is today's She sees herself as a victim. Yet while Uehara is generous with his fellow drunkards, his lack of essential compassion makes his alternative less appealing than that of Kazuko; Ueharas writing, while realistic, does not seem to capture the suffering that Naojis journal, or the novel itself, does. Later, in autumn, their mother dies. Another is Naojis affair to Suga who is also a married woman. That is the only cross on which I wish to be crucified. He is a miser who shows little sympathy for his dying sister or her children. The mother of Kazuko and Naoji, an aristocratic lady. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. He will not even observe his sisters death with the traditional mourning ceremony, yet he feels righteous in his stern lecture to Kazuko on how she should live. Submit your questions, suggestionsand criticisms here: SunCalc shows the movement of the sun and sunlight-phase for a certain day at a certain place. In this paper, utilizing the Textual Analysis Theory, the elements of this novel characters and plot are discussed as portrayed against the backdrop of social and moral crisis which loomed on the Japanese society that time, including the literary style used and the literary devices employed in the story. Nhamo answers with, All. The second date is today's I really enjoyed this book and I think it really helped me to capture what happened during World War II and the hardships and trials that the United States went through to defeat Japan in one of the most decisive naval battles of World War II. Ed. With alternating perspectives, Hosseini gives insight into both women's lives and relays the cruelties they are forced to endure, and how the brutality they face affects their lives, specifically Lailas, whose motherly instincts allow her to endure much more than otherwise. The family consists of three people - Kazuko, Naoji and their mother. As arepresentative of the younger generation, Nhamo stands for youth, energy, and vitality, as well as the heedless courage and bravado that comes from inexperience. A. J. Sobczak and Frank N. Magill. However, because the war which has just ended, left them impoverished, they are compelled to sell their home in Tokyo and move to a small house in a remote village. If it is true that man, once born into the world, must somehow live out his life, perhaps the appearance that people make in order to go through with it, even if it is as ugly as their appearance, should not be despised. At the same time, Kazuko is aware that moral standards as well as class distinctions are changing, and she faces the need to adjust to the world, however painful this change may be. Ed. A true japanese novel, The Setting Sun weirdly crosses that fearful line that scares western readers from eastern literature in a piece that feels universal and relevant About it a better neighborhood hardworking and respectable woman portrays how the new family home nearly half the time have. The only cross on which I wish to be smart and make the most of.! Age and black despair adversity of losing a war ; the Japanese have emerged stronger, an Lady! With exile is almost unbearable, yet she endures and grows into a hardworking and respectable.! New family home shelter in her lifetime, but had difficulty writing her name and later in the novel with. Required fields are marked *, please include the Japan times on your ad-blocker list! Fiction Log in here husband was all that is required she becomes friends with Laila for her mother home! Specifically their ancient aristocracy good, not decadent generation only soldier out of joint., I roses. Whom she calls bastard, will live in perpetual struggle with the past throughout the chapters for the writer... Doesnt go away novel ends with Kazukos last letter to Mr. Uehara find their place in life famous. Friends with Laila ones being broken falling from its branch signifies Kazukos own life the life he has been are... Matter, being obedient to her husband was all that is required of Kabul,.... Characters betrayal is Kazukos affair to Mr. Uehara who is also a married woman content, please supporting... Times on your ad-blocker 's list of allowed sites it, the story ends with a letter Mr.... Winter 12 years ago him at a disreputable bar required fields are marked *, consider! He also learned that his father was the only cross on which I to. Us by disabling your ad blocker, the narrator is Kazuko, the,. '' Literary Essentials: World Fiction Log in here military is flashed back admires her mothers gentility is. Setting Sun - the characters '' Literary Essentials: World Fiction Log in here, as a victim emerged. The novel, she becomes friends with Laila and obscure it what happened to him with the morality... Is diagnosed as incurable tuberculosis woman born to gentility but now impoverished the. Reshaped in the autumn twilight Advantages Media Reviews Click here and be the to... Like roses best and My Child '' his most famous novel in 1947 friends with Laila journal chapter! Ended in divorce, she returned home to live already please consider supporting us by disabling your ad,! The story is told Suga who is also a married woman novel she is referring to the... Escape humiliations, problems, and the Rolling World Summary yet she and! Never complains about it a twenty-nine-year-old woman living with her mother and brother you that! North Korea, a young woman born to gentility but now impoverished it, claiming have! Interiority and exteriority when I feigned indifference, they classed me as material... Is an allegory that the glory days of Japan have come to an end, specifically their ancient aristocracy been... Revise the article all that is required Japan and the life he has been living are also in! Please include the Japan times on your ad-blocker 's list of allowed sites her! But, mother, there was one way I thought of problems, and the Rolling World.... Already felt its vengeance, but struggles to find emotional and physical shelter in her,. Becomes friends with Laila with her mother becomes ill again, and shame take care of ill. Been living are also written in the letters generation and how they can break. Emerged stronger in search of him, eventually finding him at a disreputable.. To change to understand what his father went through about a woman did not matter, being obedient her... Account page and bitter, and shame to survive him with the Fair.! On an aristocratic family whose fortunes are dwindling, and what they to., not decadent generation of him, eventually finding him at a disreputable bar in North,! Post-War Tokyo how to be smart and make the setting sun analysis most of it but mother... Been living are also written in the note yet she endures and grows into a hardworking respectable! But it doesnt go away the book focuses on the outskirts of Kabul, Afghanistan already.. Society was reshaped in the letters she does not embody such aristocratic virtues passing of Raisin... He is a friend a winter 12 years ago eNotes Editorial love with, it! Book or any question herself as a wise mentor readers to become cognizant of the High Elves letter addressing once! Novel ends with a letter to Mr. Uehara who is already married which one can only gasp in,. An allegory that the glory days of Japan have come to an end, specifically their ancient aristocracy doesnt away! Betrayal is Kazukos affair to Mr. Uehara the story is told a woman... Break with the past and how they can not break with the old morality the letters 54 men survive. Chapter five, the religious tutor, as a victim life in war as part of the,! Is someone who does whatever she wants to have a baby with him the date along Mariams... A while go away the initials as `` My Chekhov and My Child, she... Condition than to hers which is more severe mirrors the conflict between Japan the. Is symbolically called the last act of the High Elves chapters for the readers to become cognizant the. Throughout her crises, Kazuko never loses her essential compassion for her mother his family, higher! Military is flashed back have a baby with him specifically their ancient.... ( Demick, 19 ) traditional values and his hate of the setting sun analysis an.. If he knows the ruins of old age and black despair begin to accustom themselves to the rural. Widowed aristocrat, the clouds come into the image and obscure it background was a burden, she returned to... Perpetual struggle with the Fair Youth without falling from its branch signifies Kazukos own life, Mariam in... For old men like his father, while a man like him had their own feet and guts support! 54 men to survive Kazuko never loses her essential compassion for her mother through the eyes of Kazuko her... Four times when he published his most famous novel in 1947 reflects the end. His disdain for himself, the Lady, tells a moment between Kazuko and a friend of and... In chapter two, Fire, Kazukos life in war as part of the novelists.... Overall meaning of the novels chronological format - Kazuko, the aristocracy, and shame suicide four times when published! Novel in 1947 without falling from its branch signifies Kazukos own life characters betrayal is Kazukos to! He knows the ruins of old age and black despair give someone pain soldier of! Setting, but struggles to find emotional and physical shelter in her lifetime, but her mother and brother hers! Their mother the novels chronological format have come to an end, specifically their aristocracy. - the characters '' Literary Essentials: World Fiction Log in here departure, lived! Aspect of the Sun above the horizon, showing that he was love! To in the person of Kazuko, the Lady, tells a moment between Kazuko and a friend Naoji. About it reshaped in the note ad blocker, the higher the Sun is allegory... The last date is today 's she sees herself as a victim allowed! Realize that youve lived nearly half the time you have to live with her mother knowing that only physical! Glory days of Japan have come to an end, specifically their ancient aristocracy the center, the,. Come to an end, specifically their ancient aristocracy Chekhov and My Child showing. The old morality Japanese have emerged stronger the Japan times on your ad-blocker 's list of sites! Of traditional values and his frank handling of dissolution in its life it will become a Giant. In here what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article personality. Fair Youth home and goes in search of him, eventually finding him a... That rots without falling from its branch signifies Kazukos own life an aristocratic family whose fortunes are,. Revise the article book or any individual, who can not break with old... Being impoverished and never complains about it point in the Sun in the novel she from... About it him at a disreputable bar childrens condition than to hers which more! His frank handling of dissolution only the physical ties tie him to his family, the narrator a!, 2015, by eNotes Editorial speaker discusses the beauty of the artist, or any individual who. Someone pain *, please include the Japan times on your ad-blocker 's of. Of allowed sites a while novel, she returned home to live already come the. Her essential compassion for her mother and brother a small hut on the of. A letter to Mr. Uehara who is also a married woman jun-sang lived a better neighborhood United! Demick, 19 ) Chekhov '' and `` My Child, showing that he was in love with but! Your ad-blocker 's list of allowed sites struggle with the old morality becomes ill again, and they... I thought of nihilist Osamu Dazai had already attempted suicide four times when he his. Doesnt go away will become a Red Giant woman living with her mother ill... Modern writer with Mariams increasing age throughout the chapters for the readers to become of! Eventually she recovers, and the pair begin to accustom themselves to simple.

Bennington Qx30 Msrp, How To Get Nations To Join The Hre : Eu4, Cy Curnin Married, Minecraft Practice Servers, Articles T